malinja3A

A book written by Karl-Rudolf Koch (Institute of Theoretical Geodesy, TU Bonn) published in 1999 as second edition. Koch (1999) - Parameter Estimation Contents: Introduction - 1) Vector and matrix algebra; 2) Probability theory; 3) Parameter estimation in linear models; 4) Hypothesis testing, interval estimation and test for outliers. - - - - - -

The 9th FIG Symposium on Deformation Measurements was held in Olsztyn Poland, in September 1999 hosted by the Institute of Geodesy, Warmia and Masuria University. Chairman of WG 6.1 (Prof Adam Chrzanowski) thanks Olsztyn for organizing the 9 th  symposium. They managed to organized the event even in short notice arrangement. Originally the symposium was supposed to be held in Melbourne or Venezuela as what was decided during the last symposium in Hong Kong but both could not made it. Proceedings of the 9th FIG SoDM - - - - -

IAG Birmingham 1999 Bomford Prize was awarded to Veronique Dehant, of Royal Observatory of Belgium, for his work on nutation - observation and theory. Due to the gravitational attraction of the Moon and the Sun and also the planets, the Earth deforms and undergoes polar motion, variations of the length-of-day and nutations. The amplitudes of these induced deformations and forced motions are additionally modified by the ocean and the atmosphere. These nutations can be observed by using Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) and can be computed from an Earth model involving physical parameters for the Earth’s interior. The comparison of the observation and the theory leads to a better understanding of the physics of the Earth’s interior, which in turn, allows to readjust the model. Dehant's work in the nutation field can be described by different steps improving the nutation models and starting from the adopted nutation model by the IAU and the IUGG based on the rigid Earth nu...

A committee consisting of all IAG Past Presidents unanimously recommended to award at this General Assembly the Levallois Medal to Dr Torben Krarup. Krarup, since about 1969, is generally recognized as  the  authority on physical geodesy. The name of "least–squares collocation" is inseparably connected with Torben. This idea goes back to the time when KP Schwarz was the chairman of an IAG Study Group on Mathematical Methods in Physical Geodesy of which Krarup was the most active and inspiring member. Torben Krarup (1919-2005) read obituary here -  springer Dr.tech. h.c. degree in 1982 Graz Krarup born March 2, 1919 in Odder (Denmark). He studied first mathematics and physics and then geodesy in Copenhagen, finishing 1952. At the Danish Geodetic Institute he was instrumental in accomplishing geodetic computations, having actively participated in the construction of the electronic computer GIER built at the Geodetic Institute around 1960. So he was a pioneer ...

At IAG General Assembly Birmingham 1999 there was a session discussing about an IAG structure to meet the future challenges. Six papers were presented during the session; An analysis of the current IAG structure and some thoughts on an IAG focus (KP Schwarz) The pros and cons of having sections in IAG (F Sanso) IAG services in the crrent framework of the IAG (G Beutler) The role of IAG Special Stud Groups (D Wolf) Scientific services in support of research in geodesy and geodynamics (M Feissel) Reflections on a new structure for IAG Beyond 2000 - conclusions from the IAG Section II Symposium in Munich (G Beutler, H Drewes and R Rummel) Istanbul '24 - - - - -

Major development in geodesy achieved reported at IAG Birmingham; the active role of IERS in defining and implementing a global reference frame and the emergence of GPS as a major tool to accomplish frame realization at regional and local scales due to advances made in modeling, techniques, and quality control. the SIRGAS project which exemplified how a reference network for a whole continent can be established in a relatively short time, given the information base provided by Services such as IGS and IERS and the cooperation between the different countries in this part of the world. EUREF and EUVN which are the ongoing efforts in Europe to integrate classical network information with space geodetic data. This work, done under the auspices of Commission X, is exemplary for countries considering such action because it provides insight into the effort required and the gain achieved. The active role of Commission VIII, commonly known as CSTG, in coordinating the different space techniques...

Following are the activity plan of IAG for the next four years; After the initial discussions in November 1995 and Potsdam meeting in April 1997 Rummel presented a proposal for a Global Integrated Geodetic and Geodynamic Observing System (IGGOS) that incorporates many of the current activities and relates them to a common framework. The proposal would not only give a focus to IAG research, but would also result in a much higher visibility of the IAG contribution to Earth Sciences in general. To start the satellite gravity mission - the second priority recognizes the difference in accuracy that currently exists between the various methods of global positioning (SLR, VLBI, GPS) on the one hand and the methods of global gravity field and geoid determination on the other. One obvious reason for the lower accuracy in gravity field approximation is the lack of dedicated satellite missions for gravity field research. Such missions would result in a much more consistent global resolution o...

IAG President (KP Schwarz) speech during the opening of IAG 1999 General Assembly at Birmingham began with mentioning of words to remember geodesists who left us since the last General Assembly. We lost eleven as follows (i.e., 1995-1999); Isetan Hazay, Hungary in 1995 Attalah M.Wassef, Canada in 1995 Guy Bomford, UK in 1996 Erik Tengström, Sweden in 1996 Yuri D. Boulanger, Russia in 1997 Stanislaw Krynski, Poland in 1997 Tauno J. Kukkamäki, Finland in 1997 Svend Saxov, Denmark in 1998 Rudolf Sigl, Germany in 1998 Hermann van Gysen, S. Africa in 1998 Luman Wilcox, USA in 1999 Three former IAG presidents - Bomford, Boulanger, Kukkamäki - where among those who passed away during this period. Paris '24 - - - - -

Sebuah monograf nipis yang diguna pakai pada tahun 1998 masih tersimpan di Librari. Monograf ini digunakan sebagai bahan bacaan asas subjek instrumentasi dan pengukuran elektronik. SUT 4033 Instrumentasi & Pengukuran Elektronik (1998)

It’s now a long break period. Students are on their vacation until the new academic session in September. So it is time to catch-up with some readings. Found an old paper by WEF (1998) “Do we need a gravimetric geoid or a model of the AHD to transform GPS heights in Australia”. Its in volume folder WF7 paper #9. The paper elaborated on why geoid and Local Vertical Datum is not coincide by giving a scenario example of Australia. In answering the question mentioned in the title (WEF 1998) suggested that it is preferable to use a technique that accounts for the discrepancies between the vertical datum and gravimetric geoid model. This suggested approach yields a model of the separation between AHD and the WGS84 ellipsoid. WEF pointed out this serves as interim solution until readjustment of AHD/or re-definition of AHD. Similar approach has been adopted for instance by Jiang & Duquenne (1996) – Journal of Geodesy; and in USA by Milbert 1995 – Geoid Bulletin 4. Istanbul Airport...

The Second Continental Workshop on the Geoid in Europe was held in Budapest in March 1998. The proceedings - - - - -